http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/sc.2015.005

 

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME): principles, innovations and biological applications

Moreira, Bruna Juliana; Yokoya, Jennifer Michiko Chauca; Gaitani, Cristiane Masetto de

Palavras-chave: biological sample, DLLME, innovations.

Resumo: A sample preparation process must be performed before the analytical determination in bioanalysis. This procedure aims to eliminate endogenous compounds and/or other interferent drugs or compounds and to improve detectability and selectivity. For that, techniques such as LLE and SPE are frequently used. Efficient, fast, economical and less solvent consumptive sample preparation techniques have been carried out with the miniaturization of LLE. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) is a microextraction technique, developed by Rezaee et al. in 2006. It represents the highest percentage (59.4%) of the publications in the area of liquid phase microextraction and has already been applied to the analysis of food, fruits, vegetables, biological and environmental samples. Its advantages are low extraction time, simplicity of operation, rapidity, low cost, high recovery factor and high analyte enrichment. However, due to some disadvantages such as the use of toxic solvents and centrifugation, which hinders the automation, some experimental modifications have been proposed. In this article, the authors discuss the principles of the technique, innovations and applications for biological samples.


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