Comentários desativados em v11n2doi10.5935/sc.2019.007en

v11n2doi10.5935/sc.2019.007en

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/sc.2019.007

Enantioseparation of underivatized amino acids by capillary liquid chromatography. 1. Background on chiral separations

Santos N. G. P., Maciel E. V. S., Lanças F. M.

Keywords: Enantioseparation, chiral compounds, capillary liquid chromatography, amino acids

Abstract: The need to separate chiral compounds, that is, those with an asymmetric carbon linked to four different atoms or chemical groups, to later be used in the pharmaceutical, biological, biochemical areas, among others, led to the development of chiral chromatographic techniques. Chiral chromatography usually employs a solid chiral stationary phase with a non-chiral mobile phase. This configuration allows us to separate a racemic mixture in its pure enantiomers. The goal of this separation is that in many cases, a chiral compound’s biological activity depends on a certain enantiomer. A historical case of this fact was thalidomide, where one enantiomer has a sedative effect, while the other isomer was responsible for one of the biggest medical mistakes in the world when it takes about 10,000 children to have congenital disabilities. This review aims to present and discuss the main chiral solid stationary phases employed in this type of chromatography. This includes the “brush type” phases, which are based on the bonding of chiral groups to the silica surface, the polymeric phases based on cellulose and amylose, the helical polymeric phases, the cavity-type phases based on cyclodextrins, crown ethers and macrocyclic antibiotics, and, the ligand exchange phases.

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