Microextração em fase sólida no capilar (in-tube SPME) para automação das análises de fármacos em fluidos biológicos
Queiroz, Maria Eugênia C.
Palavras-chave: Microextração em fase sólida no capilar, fármacos, fluidos biológicos.
Resumo: O sistema in-tube SPME, desenvolvido em conjunto com a cromatografia líquida, (LC) tem sido utilizado para a automação das análises SPME/LC de solutos menos voláteis e/ou termicamente instáveis. O sistema in-tube SPME/LC pode ser montado fixando um capilar de sílica fundida aberto, revestido internamente com a fase extratora (ou uma coluna capilar de cromatografia gasosa), entre a alça de amostragem e a agulha do injetor automático do LC ou, simplesmente, substituindo a alça de amostragem. A técnica in-tube SPME/LC, quando comparada à SPME convencional, minimiza o volume da amostra, permite a extração e concentração dos solutos em linha com a separação e detecção cromatográfica, ou seja, automação dos métodos cromatográficos, que resulta em maior precisão analítica e menor tempo de análise. Como as amostras são injetadas no sistema, praticamente em seu estado fisiológico, diminui a exposição dos analistas aos fluidos biológicos. O desenvolvimento de novas fases extratoras in-tube SPME, tais como polímeros impressos molecularmente (MIP), monolítica e imunosorvente resultou em maior seletividade/especificidade analítica, C-18/diol, a extração direta dos solutos com exclusão das macromoléculas, b-ciclodextrina (b-CD), formação de complexos de inclusão entre os fármacos e b-CD e (poli)pirrol, alta permeabilidade e interações intermoleculares ácido-base.
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