Supported liquid phase microextraction with hollow fiber (HF-LPME): Fundamentals and recent applications

Merib, Josias; Carasek, Eduardo

Palavras-chave: HF-LPME, sample preparation, complex samples, microextractions.

Resumo: The sample preparation step is a key part of an analytical procedure, due to majority of the samples are not analyzed in their raw form, but after being subjected to a previous suitable treatment. Especially regarding to the efficiency for the analysis as well as reducing the amount of organic solvents used in these procedures, miniaturized techniques of sample preparation was developed, with emphasis in hollow-fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF- LPME). This technique is based on the use of very small amounts of organic solvent immobilized in the pores of a membrane, it can be used in two or three phases; the extraction mechanism is based on the partition equilibrium of the analytes between the extraction phase (aqueous or organic) and the sample. This technique has wide applicability, especially for highly complex samples, such as urine, blood and matrices containing particulate material. This paper presents some basic theoretical aspects related to HF-LPME, as well as some recent applications and variants of this technique.

---

Referências Bibliográficas

1. Valente ALP, Augusto F. Microextração por fase sólida. Química Nova 2000; 23(4):523-530. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422000000400016

2. A.sensio-Ramos M, Ravelo-Pérez LM, González- Curbelo MA, Hernández-Borges J. Liquid phase microextraction applications in food analysis. Journal of Chromatography A 2011; 1218(42):7415- 7437. PMid:21704317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. chroma.2011.05.096

3. A.rthur CL, Pawliszyn J. Solid phase microextraction with thermal desorption using fused silica optical fibers. Analytical Chemistry 1990; 62(19):2145-2148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00218a019

4. L.iu H, Dasgupta PK. Analytical Chemistry in a Drop. Solvent Extraction in a Microdrop. Analytical Chemistry 1996; 68(11):1817-1821. PMid:21619093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac960145h

5. J.eannot MA, Cantwell FF. Solvent Microextraction into a Single Drop. Analytical Chemistry 1996; 68(13):2236- 2240. PMid:21619310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ ac960042z

6. H.e Y, Lee HK. Liquid-Phase Microextraction in a Single Drop of Organic Solvent by Using a Conventional Microsyringe. Analytical Chemistry 1997; 69(22):4634-4640. http://dx.doi. org/10.1021/ac970242q

7. J.ager LS, Andrews ARJ. Solvent microextraction of1 Valente ALP, Augusto F. Microextração por fase sólida. Química Nova 2000; 23(4):523-530. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422000000400016

8. R.ezaee M, Assadi Y, Hossein MM, Aghaee E, Ahmadia F, Berijani S. Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. Journal of Chromatography A 2006; 1116(1-2):1-9. PMid:16574135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. chroma.2006.03.007

9. P.edersen-Bjergaard S, Rasmussen KE. Liquid−Liquid− Liquid Microextraction for Sample Preparation of Biological Fluids Prior to Capillary Electrophoresis. Analytical Chemistry 1999; 71(14):2650-2655. PMid:10424162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac990055n

10. P.edersen-Bjergaard S, Rasmussen KE. Liquidphase microextraction with porous hollow fibers, a miniaturized and highly flexible format for liquid–liquid extraction. Journal of Chromatography A 2008; 1184(1-2):132-142. PMid:17889886. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.08.088

11. M.artins ML, Primel EG, Caldas SS, Prestes OD, Adaime MB, Zanella R. Microextração Líquido- Líquido Dispersiva (DLLME): fundamentos e aplicações. Scientia Chromatographica 2012; 4(1):35-

51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/sc.2012.004

12. Y.angcheng L, Quan L, Guangsheng L, Youyuan D. Directly suspended droplet microextraction. Analytica Chimica Acta 2006; 556(2):259-264. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.02.072

13. Z.anjani MRK, Yamini Y, Shariati S, Jönsson JA. A new liquid-phase microextraction method based on solidification of floating organic drop. Analytica Chimica Acta 2007; 585(2):286-293. PMid:17386676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.12.049

14. L.ópez-García I, Rivas RE, Hernández-Córdoba M. Hollow fiber based liquid-phase microextraction for the determination of mercury traces in water samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta 2012; 743:69-

74. PMid:22882825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. aca.2012.07.015

15. M.oreno F, García-Barrera T, Gómez-Ariza JL. Simultaneous speciation and preconcentration of ultra trace concentrations of mercury and selenium species in environmental and biological samples by hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction prior to high performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 2013; 1300:43-

50. PMid:23541655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. chroma.2013.02.083

16. R.asmussen KE, Pedersen-Bjergaard S. Developments in hollow fibre-based, liquid-phase microextraction. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2004; 23(1):1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-9936(04)00105-0

17. P.sillakis E, Kalogerakis N. Developments in liquid-phase microextraction. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2003; 22(10):565-574. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/S0165-9936(03)01007-0

18. H.adi H, Makahleh A, Saad B. Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of trace mitiglinide in biological fluids. Journal of Chromatography B 2012; 895-896:131-

136. PMid:22503735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jchromb.2012.03.031

19. L.ee J, Lee HK, Rasmussen KE, Pedersen-Bjergaard S. Environmental and bioanalytical applications of hollow fiber membrane liquid-phase microextraction: A review. Analytica Chimica Acta 2008; 624(2):253-

268. PMid:18706332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. aca.2008.06.050

20. O.liveira ARM, Magalhães IRS, Santana FJM, Bonato PS. Microextração em fase líquida (LPME): fundamentos da técnica e aplicações na análise de fármacos em fluidos biológicos. Química Nova 2008; 31(3):637-644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/ S0100-40422008000300031

21. K.olosa JM, Przyjazny A, Jeannot MA. Solvent Microextraction – Theory and Practice. New Jersey: Wiley ed; 2009.

22. Z.hu L, Ee KH, Zhao L, Lee HK. Analysis of phenoxy herbicides in bovine milk by means of liquid–liquid– liquid microextraction with a hollow-fiber membrane. Journal of Chromatography A 2002; 963(1-2):335-343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00138-3

23. Z.hou J, Zeng P, Cheng ZH, Liu J, Wang FQ, Qian RJ. Application of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for the study of the osthole pharmacokinetics in cerebral ischemia hypoperfusion rat plasma. Journal of Chromatography B 2011; 879(23):2304-2310. PMid:21737362. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.06.022

24. G.hambarian M, Yamini Y, Esrafili A. Threephase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction based on two immiscible organic solvents for determination of tramadol in urine and plasma samples. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2011; 56(5):1041-1045. PMid:21872413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2011.08.009

25. S.un X, Zhu F, Xi J, Lu T, Liu H, Tong Y, Ouyang G. Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction as clean-up step for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides residues in fish tissue by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2011; 63(5-12):102-107. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.03.038

26. M.irzaei M, Dinpanah H. Three phases hollow fiber LPME combined with HPLC-UV for extraction, preconcentration and determination of valerenic acid in Valeriana officinalis. Journal of Chromatography B 2011; 879(21):1870-1874. PMid:21641881. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.05.005

27. P.ayán MR, López MAB, Fernández-Torres R, González JAO, Mochón MC. Hollow fiber-based liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) as a new approach for the HPLC determination of fluoroquinolones in biological and environmental matrices. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2011; 55(2):332-341. PMid:21353435. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2011.01.037

28. P.ayán MR, López MAB, Fernández-Torres R, Navarro MV, Mochón MC. Hollow fiber-based liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) for a highly sensitive HPLC determination of sulfonamides and their main metabolites. Journal of Chromatography B 2011; 879(2):197-204. PMid:21185241. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.12.006

29. H.adjmohammadi M, Ghambari H. Three-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction of warfarin from human plasma and its determination by highperformance liquid chromatography. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2012; 61:44-

49. PMid:22172600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jpba.2011.11.019

30. H.yder M, Genberg J, Jönsson JA. Application of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction for pinic acid and pinonic acid analysis from organic aerosols. Analytica Chimica Acta 2012; 713:79-85. PMid:22200311. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2011.11.046

31. N.avarro MV, Payán MR, Pérez-Bernal JL, Fernández- Torres R, Mochón M.C, López MAB. Application of three phase hollow fiber based liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) for the simultaneous HPLC determination of phenol substituting compounds (alkyl-, chloro- and nitrophenols). Talanta 2012; 99:55-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. talanta.2012.05.020

32. Z.hou J, Zeng P, Sun J.B, Wang FQ, Zhang Q. Application of two-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for the study of the echinacoside pharmacokinetics in Parkinson’s disease rat plasma. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2013; 81-82:27-33. PMid:23591053. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2013.03.020

33. N.avarro MV, Payán MR, Torres RF, Mochón MC, López MAB. A novel application of three phase hollow fiber based liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) for the HPLC determination of two endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), n-octylphenol and n-nonylphenol, in environmental waters. Science of the Total Environment 2013; 443:1-6. PMid:23178884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.071

34. Z.hang H, Du Z, Ji Y, Mei M. Simultaneous trace determination of acidic non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in purified water, tap water, juice, soda and energy drink by hollow fiberbased liquid-phase microextraction and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2013; 109:177-184. PMid:23618157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. talanta.2013.02.048

35. H.adjmohammadi M, Karimiyan H, Sharifi V. Hollow fibre-based liquid phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of flavonoids in Echinophora platyloba DC. and Mentha piperita. Food Chemistry 2013; 141(2):731-

735. PMid:23790841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. foodchem.2013.02.083

36. C.hen B, Huang Y, He M, Hu B. Hollow fiber liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatographyultraviolet detection for the determination of various environmental estrogens in environmental and biological samples. Journal of Chromatography A 2013; 1305:17-26. PMid:23895918. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.029

37. S.aleh A, Larsson E, Yamini Y, Jönsson JA. Hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction as a preconcentration and clean-up step after pressurized hot water extraction for the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in sewage sludge. Journal of Chromatography A 2011; 1218(10):1331-1339. PMid:21269631. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.011

38. Z.hang C, Ye L, Xu L. Orthogonal array design for the optimization of hollow fiber protected liquid-phase microextraction of salicylates from environmental waters. Analytica Chimica Acta 2011; 689(2):219-

225. PMid:21397077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. aca.2011.01.045

39. E.brahimzadeh H, Asgharinezhad AA, Abedi H, Kamarei F. Optimization of carrier-mediated threephase hollow fiber microextraction combined with HPLC-UV for determination of propylthiouracil in biological samples. Talanta 2011; 85(2):1043-

1049. PMid:21726736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. talanta.2011.05.015

40. L.i P, Hu B. Sensitive determination of phenylarsenic compounds based on a dual preconcentration method with capillary electrophoresis/UV detection. Journal of Chromatography A 2011; 1218(29):4779-

4787. PMid:21683369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. chroma.2011.05.058

41. R.omán IS, Alonso ML, Bartolomé L, Alonso RM. Hollow fibre-based liquid-phase microextraction technique combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in water samples. Talanta 2012; 100:246-

253. PMid:23141333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. talanta.2012.04.039

42. P.antaleão LN, Paranhos BAPB, Yonamine M. Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction of amphetamine-type stimulants in human hair samples. Journal of Chromatography A 2012; 1254:1-7. PMid:22824216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. chroma.2012.07.014

43. K.animozhi S, Basheer C, Neveliappan S, Ang K, Xue F, Lee HK. Investigation of bioaccumulation profile of oestrogens in zebrafish liver by hollow fibre protected liquid phase microextraction with gas chromatography–mass spectrometric detection. Journal of Chromatography B 2012; 909:37-41. PMid:23153642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jchromb.2012.10.008

44. H.adjmohammadi MR, Soltani M, Sharifi V. Use of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction and HPLC for extraction and determination of apigenin in human urine after consumption of Satureja sahendica Bornm. Journal of Chromatography B 2012; 900:85-

88. PMid:22721708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jchromb.2012.05.022

45. T.an XW, Song YX, Wei RP, Yi GY. Determination of Trace Bisphenol A in Water Using Three-phase Hollow Fiber Liquid-phase Microextraction Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012; 40(9):1409-1414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2040(11)60574-4

46. G.hambarian M, Yamini Y, Esrafili A. Three-phase hollow fiber microextraction based on two immiscible organic solvents for determination of tricyclic antidepressant drugs: Comparison with conventional three-phase hollow fiber microextraction. Journal of Chromatography A 2012; 1222:5-12. PMid:22197253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.11.055

47. R.en ZQ, Zhang WD, Liu YM, Dai Y, Cui CH. New liquid membrane technology for simultaneous extraction and stripping of copper(II) from wastewater. Chemical Engineering Science 2007; 62:6090-6101. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ces.2007.06.005

48. Z.hang WD, Li AM, Li XM, Ren ZQ. Principle of liquid membrane and hollow fiber renewal liquid membrane. Modern Chemical Industry 2005; 25:66-68.

49. Z.hang WD, Li AM, Ren ZQ. Mass Transfer Characteristics of Hollow Fiber Renewal Liquid Membrane. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities 2006; 20:843-846.

50. R.en ZQ, Liu JT, Zhang WD, Du CS, Ma JN. Treatment of wastewater containing chromiun (VI) by hollow f iber renewal liquid membrane technology. Electroplating and Finishing 2006; 11:49-51.

51. C.arletto JS, Luciano RM, Bedendo GC, Carasek E. Simple hollow fiber renewal liquid membrane extraction method for pre-concentration of Cd(II) in environmental samples and detection by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta 2009; 638(1):45-50. PMid:19298878. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2009.02.021

52. B.edendo GC, Jardim ICSF, Carasek E. A simple hollow fiber renewal liquid membrane extraction method for analysis of sulfonamides in honey samples with determination by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 2010; 1217:6449-6454. PMid:20832071. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.030 chlorinated pesticides. Chromatographia 1999; 50(11- 12):733-738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02497313.